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Immediately upon initial publication, Medical Decision Making became the worldwide standard introductory textbook in the field. Written to meet the needs of medical students and experienced clinicians alike, Medical Decision Making is a clearly presented, step-by-step guide to understanding how, through the processes of decision analysis, a physician can reach valid, reasoned conclusions about medical treatment despite imperfect information about the patient. The focus of Medical Decision Making is on estimating probability, measuring the accuracy of clinical data, interpreting new information, and making decisions. It presents a framework for answering the following basic questions. Should the patient be treated immediately? Should more information be obtained? Should nothing be done at present? The authors use many clinical examples to illustrate Bayesian analysis, formal decision analysis, and basic concepts of evaluating the usefulness of diagnostic tests in various situations. The text is supplemented with many illustrations, useful end-of-chapter self-assessment questions, and an appendix giving the sensitivity and specificity of nearly 100 diagnostic tests.